Brazilian fuel cell autobus

Vitória Bispo¹

¹ Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz

doi:10.20906/CPS/CON-2016-0081

Resumo

The energy transition to a sustainable world has gained more and more importance nowadays. Sustainability refers to the ability of fulfill economical, political, social and energetic needs wisely, without destroying the possibilities of the future generations fulfilling it as well. The air pollution and CO2 emission are an important issue worldwide and new technologies plays a big role to solve these questions. "A sustainable city is a city designed considering the environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, and waste output of heat, air pollution - CO2, methane, and water pollution." Thus, it refers to both a structure and the using of sustainable processes: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. According to the National Energetic Balance - 2014, in 2013 the total of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Brazil was 459 millions of tons, transports sector is responsible for most of it (47%). Moreover, in the state of Bahia 59% of the energy comes from non- renewable sources, of which 51,3% are oil and derivatives, also the final consumption of liquids fuels has increased in 5,3%. Furthermore, transport is the second biggest issuing of CO2 in the state, it consumes 17,6% of the energy given internal offer, what represents 50,9% usage of oil, derivatives and natural gas. A promising technology is fuel cells, a device that generates electricity by a chemical reaction. There are different types and sizes of fuel cells, all designed in the search for greater efficiency (η ≈ 60%). Fuel cells, can be used to power vehicles which has an on-board electric motor. "Fuel cells in vehicles create electricity to power an electric motor, generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. A fuel cell vehicle that is fueled with hydrogen emits only water and heat, but no pollutants; therefore it is considered a zero-emissions vehicle." Along the project the implementation possibility o

Palavras-chave: célula de hidrogênio; ônibus; sustentabilidade