CHARACTERIZATION OF ENERGY FLOWS AND GREENHOUSE GASES IN
Edgar Amaral Silveira1; Armando de Azevedo Caldeira Pires1
1 Universidade de Brasília
doi:10.20906/CPS/COB-2015-1093
Resumo
With the biggest challenges inserted in offshore exploration and production of oil activity, it is essential to increase knowledge of the environmental impact sources thus leading to the development of new management tools and methodologies. These will enable the monitoring, evaluation and control of increasingly effective performance of activities through a more precise description of their interactions with the environment. The main object of this study is the environmental performance diagnosis by identifying the main mass and energy flows within unit processes of a generic technological model of an offshore primary oil processing plant. This will allow evaluating the GHG emissions in FPSO platforms, using secondary data and different technologies combinations, through simulations and sensitivity analyzes in different scenarios that will identify which stages of the fossil fuel cycle the resource and energy consumption and pollutant emissions are more significant. The study uses the characterization of the flow diagram of the systems and processes in an offshore primary processing plant through the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and the environmental impacts system CML2001. The modules of the main treatments in the model were divided into processes linked either directly (Internal Processes), and indirectly (External Processes), with the oil and gas production process. Internal Processes are Separation, Oil Treatment, Water Treatment, Gas Treatment, Power Generation Plant and the Flare. External processes are those related to the production of chemicals for all the processes and fuels for power generation. The results showed that gaseous emissions from internal and external processes are dominated by the power generation plant, 100% CO, N2O and NO2 and 23% CO2. The Gas Treatment presented 73% of CO2 emissions, 99% of and CH4 emissions. The Water Treatment appears with 83% of the terrestrial ecotoxicity potential and 36% of aquatic ecotoxicity potential (seawater) due to emissions of organic and inorganic co
Palavras-chave: Oil E&P; offshore; life cycle assessment